![]() ![]() Example- ‘He rapidly gathered up the pieces of the vase and hid them under the sofa. Sometimes the word itself is not repeated.I know it is news you have all been longing to hear. Example- ‘I have no great news to announce.This has a cohesive effect because it forms a link between different sentences. This involves the repetition of a single word. How do we cleft these sentences? ‘I enjoyed the last dance.’ ‘The traffic is noisiest in London.’ Clefting.How do we ‘decleave’ these sentences? ‘It is Ann that owns the cottage’ ‘My father was born in India’ EG ‘Jenny ate the ice-cream’ becomes ‘It was Jenny who ate the ice-cream.’ How do we change the sentence below? ‘Uncle Vernon had answered the call’ Clefting It is used as a way to shift the focus of interest, and of getting our attention by delaying mention of what is of special interest.It divides a single clause into two clauses, each with it’s own verb. Front or end focus?Ĭlefting means to cleave or to divide. John smeared paint on the wall.John smeared the wall with paint.End focusĮverybody in this room speaks two languages. Two languages are spoken by everybody in this room. Think of this as given and new information-audience will focus on the this new information if this is situated at the end of the sentence.I believe he lost respect from his peers following his dissent of Gillard. Not as much prominence as in front focus, but more than if the information was embedded in the middle of a sentence. Front FocusĮnd Focus-prominence to the final part of the sentence and can enable suspense to build. What effect does this have when we read the sentence below: On September 2, the 35th anniversary of the beginning of his police career, Commissioner Keelty will leave his post, with two years still to run on his contract. Conjunctions and adverbialsįront focus- bringing information which would normally appear later to the front position in a sentence, to give it extra prominence. ![]() EG The Prime Minister promised that the economy would soon recover. For example if a sentence begins with ‘But’, what follows will in some way contrast with, or qualify, what has gone before. They link together parts of a text and indicate relationship between them. A bit of a mess.’ ‘Where did you see the car. EG ‘Beer cans littered the floor, the television had been kicked in and graffiti covered the walls. This becomes a cohesive device if an earlier part of the text enables us to supply the missing elements. Christine Tanz DeicticsĮllipsis occurs when elements are omitted from a sentence. All natural, spoken language have devices that link the utterance with its spatio-temporal and personal context. A sequence on a slip of paper can move through space and time, ‘speaker’-less, and address-less. Only written language can ever be free of this kind of anchoring in the extra linguistic situation. ‘When language is spoken, it occurs in a specific location, at a specific time, is produced by a specific person and is (usually) addressed to some specific other person or persons. Language is used to ‘point’ to the aspects of an event.EG ‘here’ and ‘there’ and ‘this’ and ‘that’ only make sense when taken in context. EG ‘He gave the following reasons for his decision’ Referenceĭeixis/deictic expressions- terms which refer to the personal, temporal or locational characteristics of a situation, and whose meaning only makes sense in that context or situation. Cataphoric- when a word refers to something that hasn’t been mentioned yet.EG ‘My great-grandfather was an Irishman. ![]() ![]()
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